MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEMS

MIS – adalah satu dari banyak mata kuliah yang diberikan kepada mahasiswa TeknikIndustri, Universitas Indonesia
Sesuai namanya, MIS adalah bagaimana mengelola suatu informasi dalam suatu sistem yang dapat memberikan manfaat yang sangat penting didalam bisnis.
Bicara MIS, maka tidak dapat dilepaskan dari yang namanya Computer (hardware&software)
Sejak tahun 1950-an, terjadi perkembangan yang sangat dramatis didalam penggunaaan Hardware dan software komputer baik secara individu maupun perusahaan.
Berikut adalah model umum MIS dalam suatu perusahaan

McLeod, page 26

REVIEW MATA KULIAH

KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT :
Adalah sistem informasi yang dirancang untuk memfasilitasi, mengenali, mengumpulkan, meng-integrasikan dan menyebarkan knowledge dalam organisasi.
KM systems fokus dalam membuat, mengumpulkan, mengelola dan menyebarkan knowledge daripada data dan informasi
Davenport and Prusak (1998) states 8 principles of knowledge management. They summarize. what is known and are worth repeating here.
1. Knowledge originates and resides in people’s heads
2. Knowledge sharing requires trust.
3. Technology enables new knowledge behaviors
4. Knowledge sharing must be encouraged and rewarded
5. Management support and resources are essential
6. Knowledge initiatives should begin with a pilot program
7. Quantitative and qualitative measurements are needed to evaluate the initiative
8. Knowledge is creative and should be encouraged to develop in unexpected ways.

E-COMMERCE
Electronic Commerce- Penggunaan Komputer dan jaringan di dalam bisnis, dengan kata lain Jual beli produk menggunakan internet.
Ada dua jenis e-commerce, yaitu:
· Business to Cunsumer (B2C) - transaksi yg terjadi antara pebisnis dan konsumenya
· Business to Business (B2B) – transaksi yg terjadi antara dua pebisnis

BARCODE
Barcode adalah salah satu metode didalam pengumpulan dan identifikasi data secara otomatis Ditemukan dan dipatenkan senilai 2.612.994 USD pada Oktober 1952 oleh Joseph Woodland dan Bernard Silver
DEFINISI – Suatu gambar kecil yang memuat garis dan spasi sebagai kartu identitas untuk mengidentifikasi suatu produk tertentu, orang dan lokasi. Kode yang memperlihatkan batang/garis vertikal dan spasi yg mewakili simbol dan nomor tertentu
Barcode biasanya terdiri dari 5 bagian, yaitu:
1. Quite zone
2. Start character
3. Data characters
4. Stop characters
5. Another quite zone
tapi bagaimana barcode bekerja??

Scanner membaca Bar dan spasi yang ada di label. Angka hanya untuk manusia. Informasi dari scanner ditransfer ke komputer yang sudah terkodifikasi dan memuat data harga, sisa barang yg tersedia dan data lainnya

Manfaat Barcode??
Bagi Perusahaan• menunjukkan harga yang akurat,
• memperkecil kesalahan penghitungan oleh manusia, mengetahui dengan tepat persediaan barang yg ada (inventory control)
Bagi Pelanggan
• mendapatkan barang yang dicari / tidak kehabisan barang yang dicari
karena sistem akan segera memesan barang yang kehabisan stock.
• Terhindar dari kerugian, karena kemungkinan error
atau salah memasukkan jumlah uang yang harus dibayar

SYSTEM ANALYST
Suatu pekerjaan yang sangat berkaitan dengan penggunaan komputer (hardware&software). Memberikan solusi IT terhadap efisiensi dan produktifitas perusahaan
How do they Work??
BUSINESS PROCESS
Business process atau metode bisnis adalah kumpulan dari tugas-tugas yang terkait, yang digunakan untuk memecahkan permasalahan-permasalahan yang ada

Business Process haruslah:
1. Mempunyai target
2. Mempunyai input yg jelas
3. Mempunyai output yg jelas
4. Ada sumber daya
5. Ada beberapa aktifitas
6. Bisa saja melibatkan lebih dari satu unit kerja
7. Menciptakan nilai bagi customer baik internal maupun external

Coding for distributions (geometric/weibull)

#include
#include
#include

long fact(int n)
{
if(n<=0)
return 1;
else
return n*fact(n-1);
}


double geomean(int x,double p,double q)
{
if(x>0)
return pow(q,x-1)*p;
else
return 0;
}


double weibpdf(int x, double v, double a, double b)
{
if(x return 0;
else
{
return b/a*(pow((x-v)/a,b-1))*exp(-pow((x-v)/a,b));
}
}


double weibcdf(int x, double v, double a, double b)
{
if(x return 0;
else
{
return (1 - exp(-pow((x-v)/a,b)));
}
}

double poisson(int x, double a)
{
if(x<0)
return 0;
else
{
return (exp(-a)*pow(a,x))/fact(x) ;
}
}


double binom(int x,double p,double q,int n)
{
if(x>=0)
return fact(n)/(fact(x)*fact(n-x))*pow(p,x)*pow(q,n-x);
else
return 0;
}


int main()
{
int ch;
double p,q,v,a,b;
int x,n;
clrscr();


do
{
printf("\nExit.");
printf("\nGeometric Mean.");
printf("\nWeibull Distribution.");
printf("\nPoisson Distribution.");
printf("\nBinomial Distribution.");
printf("\nEnter your choice => ");
scanf("%d",&ch);
if(ch==1)
{
printf("\n\tEnter the value of x,p,q => ");
scanf("%d%lf%lf",&x,&p,&q);
printf("\n\tGeometric Mean = %lf",geomean(x,p,q));
}
else if(ch==2)
{
printf("\n\tEnter the value of x,v,a,b => ");
scanf("%d%lf%lf%lf",&x,&v,&a,&b);
printf("\n\tWeibull pdf, f(%d) = %lf",x,weibpdf(x,v,a,b));
printf("\n\n\tWeibull cdf, F(%d) = %lf",x,weibcdf(x,v,a,b));
}

else if(ch==3)
{
printf("\n\tEnter the value of x,a => ");
scanf("%d%lf",&x,&a);
printf("\n\tPoisson Distribution, p(%d) = %lf",x,poisson(x,a));

}
else if(ch==4)
{
printf("\n\tEnter the value of x,p,q,n => ");
scanf("%d%lf%lf%d",&x,&p,&q,&n);
printf("\n\tBinomial Distribution, p(%d) = %lf",x,binom(x,p,q,n));
}
}while(ch!=0);
getch();
return 0;
}


Astha
MCA 4510/09

Coding for M/M/1 server

#include
#include
void main()
{
int i,a,d,arrival[11],clock=0,inter[]={2,3,1,4,1,6,1,1,5,2,1},service[]= {2,5,4,3,3,5,6,6,6,3,2};
int wait[11],q=0,sum=0,avg,server;
arrival[0]=clock+inter[0];
d=clock+service[0];
server=1;
a=arrival[0];
wait[0]=0;
for(i=0;i<11;i++){arrival[i]=arrival[i-1]+inter[i];}printf("clock=%d (A=%d)(D=%d)(W=%d)",clock,a,d,wait[0]) ;i=1;while(clock<30){if(ad)
{wait[i]=0;
printf("clock=%d (A=%d)(D=%d)(W=%d)",clock,a,d,wait[1]) ;
i++;
}
else
if(da)
{
wait[i]=d-a;
}
printf("\nclock = %d (A,%d) (D,%d) (w,%d)",clock,a,d,wait[i]);
}
else
{
wait[i]=0;
printf("clock=%d (A=%d)(D=%d)(W=%d)",clock,a,d,wait[i]) ;
server=0;
}
}
else
{
clock=0;
a=arrival[i];
d=clock+service[i-q];
if(a{
wait[i]=d-a;
}
else
{
wait[i]=0;
i++;
printf("clock=%d (A=%d)(D=%d)(W=%d)",clock,a,d,wait[i]) ;
}
}
else
{
clock=0;
a=arrival[i];
d=clock+service[i];
wait[i]=d-a;
i++;
printf("clock=%d (A=%d)(D=%d)(W=%d)",clock,a,d,wait[i]) ;
for(i=0;i<11;i++)
{
sum+=wait[i];
}
avg=sum/11;
if (avg<1)
printf("efficient system");
else
printf("inefficient system");
getch();
}



neha bahadur
mca455309

Simulation & Modeling (ASSIGNMENTS) [LAB + Theory}

Roll No.	Assignments
2032,4501	Music Shop Inventory Problem,Simulation of computer system
4502,4506	Web Simulation,
4507,4568,4538	Food bazaar, Simulation of Queuing System and its applications e.g. Food Bazaar
4508,4536,4546
Simulating a banquet hall,Input Output modeling for simulation
4509
Random Number generation for simulation
4510,4525,4520	Telephone Simulation System, Application of Simulation for solving network flow problems
4511,4543	Simulating Car Parking
4513,4533,4531	Monte-carlo Simulation
4514	Simulating grocery Shop
4516,4535,4551/08	Traffic Simulation, Simulation of websites to improve traffic for a website
4515,4528,4529	Understanding GPSS
4518,4554,4566	Gaming Simulation
4519,4524	Conducing web simulation on e-commerce portals
4530,4551,4556	Simulating Delhi Metro, Understanding Object oriented simulation
4534,4557	Learning to solve Problems using simulation
4539,4542	Developing a Simulation Database: Studying case studies/FAQs
4540,4547,4543	Online Traffic Monitoring system
4541,4545,4555	Developing a Simulator for keyword analysis,Application of Simulation for Forecasting
4537,4532,4521	Random Number Generation in C++,Studying Simulation languages like SIMSCRIPT,GPSS,MODSIM
4550,4563	Solving problems for input modeling [17,18,20,21]
4523,4552	Study applications of random generators in simulation and other fields illustrating by solving problems [2,9,10,15]
4545660,4562	Application of Simulation for security and anti-spamming
4522,4526	Understanding DEVS
44532,4533,4568	Using general purpose simulation language for problem solving [pg 119 1,2,3,4,5)
4535,4538,4541	Developing simulation program in C [pros & cons] [Pg. 119 7,8,9,10]
4544,4548	Output Analysis for a single model
4549,4552	Comparison & Evaluation of Alternative system designs
4553,4558	Simulation of computer networks

Simulation & Modeling Software

We can understand computer simulation language as the language which describes operation of a simulation on a computer.

It can be broadly categorized in following two categories:

1. continuous
2. Discrete event

Many lnguages have a graphical interface and are capable of performing simple statistical analysis of the results.


While using discrete-event languages we can easily generate pseudo-random numbers and determine variables using different probability distributions.


Some of the Discrete event and continuous language packages have been listed below:


AutoMod
eM-Plant
Arena
ExtendSim simulation environment for discrete event, continuous, discrete-rate and agent-based simulation.[1]
GASP
GPSS
Plant Simulation
Simio software for discrete event, continuous, and agent-based simulation.[2]
SimPLE++
SimPy, an open-source package based on Python
SIMSCRIPT II.5, a well established commercial compiler
Simula
Java Modelling Tools, an open-source package with graphical user-interface[3]
Poses++, a discrete-event simulation system with Petri net based modeling
OMNeT++, a C++-based discrete-event simulation package.
Mirelle, a programming/scripting language with simulation support. [4]


Some of the Continuous simulation languages package are:

1. 
   Advanced Continuous Simulation Language (ACSL), which supports textual or graphical model specification
   
2. Diesel Model Description Language
   
3. DYNAMO
   
4. SimApp, simple simulation of dynamic systems and control systems [6]
   
5. Simgua, simulation toolbox and environment, supports Visual Basic [7]
   
6. Simulation Language for Alternative Modeling (SLAM) (There used also be a Simulation Language for Analogue Modeling (SLAM))
   
7. VisSim, a visually programmed block diagram language
   Hybrid, and other.
   
8. LMS Imagine.Lab AMESim[8], simulation platform to model and analyze multi-domain systems and predict their performances
   
9. Flowmaster V7[9] Software for the analysis of fluid mechanics within pipe networks using 1D Computational Fluid Dynamics
   
10. AnyLogic multi-method simulation tool, which supports System dynamics, Discrete event simulation, Agent-based modeling
    
11. Modelica: open-standard object-oriented language for modeling of complex physical systems
    Simulink: Continuous and discrete event capability
    
12. Scicos: Continuous-time, discrete-time and event based simulation tool distributed with ScicosLab: It contains a block diagram editor, a compiler, simulator and code generation facilities: Free software.
    
13. XMLlab: simulations with XML
    
14. Flexsim:3D process simulation software for continuous, discrete event, or agent-based systems.
    
15. Simio software for discrete event, continuous, and agent-based simulation.
    
16. EICASLAB:Continuous, discrete and discrete event capability specifically devoted to support the automatic control design.
    
    

Source:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simulation_language

Simulation Software

Discuss the following periods in simulation history?


a. The period of Search: Simulation was conducted in FORTRAN and other gernal purpose languages. No specific simulation specific routines. Much effort was on expanding searcn for unifying concepts and the development of reusable routines to facilitate simulation(1955-60)

b Advent : It is the period of forerunners of SPL we use today(1961-65)

GPSS developd by Geoffery Gordon at IBM and appeared in 1961. General Purpose Simulation system was developed for quick simulation of communication and computer system. It is a block disgram based representation (similar to process flow diagram) and suited for queuing models.


Phillip J Kiviat developed GASP (General Activity based simulation program). Originally it was based on GPL ALGOL but later based on FORTRAN.

other SPL developed are SIhMULA(extension of ALGOL)

c. The Formative period (from 1966-1970)

Concepts were reviewed adn refined to promote more consistent representation of each language 's world view.

SIMSCRIPT II represents major advancement in SPLs. In its free form english like language.


d. The Expansion period (from 1971-1978)

Improvement in GPSS. Inclusion of interactive debugger. Efforts made to simplify modeling process. Using simula an attempt was made to develop system definition from high level user perspective that could be translated automatically in an executable format.

e. Consolidation and Regeneration

This period from 1979 GASP appeared SLAM II and SIMAN

SLAM II(Simulation language for alternative modeling) produced by Prisker and Associates.

for providing multiple modeling perspectives and combined modeling capabilities. Event scheduling persective and a noetwork world view and continuous component.

f. Integrated Environment

Availability of SPL for personal computers, GUI ,animation and other visulaization tools,input/output analyzers. use of process flow or block diagram and reducing need to remeber syntax. Availability of 2 D /3D scale drawings





SIMAN

Linear Congruential method ( Random Number generation )

#include
#include
#define true 1
#define false 0
void main()
{
int x[30];
int flag=true,i,a,c,m,x0;
float r[30];
printf("\n Enter a,c,m,x0");
scanf("%d%d%d%d",&a,&c,&m,&x0);
x[0]=x0;
i=1;
while(flag==true)
{
x[i]=(a*x[i-1]+c)%m;
r[i]=x[i]/(float)m;
if(x[i]==x[0])//Now onwards series will repeat
flag=false;
i++;
printf("x[i]=%d\n",x[i-1]);
}
getch();
}




omprakash sharma

4552/09